高考英语之情态动词和虚拟语气

在高考中英语的语法是很重要的，特别是情态动词与虚拟语气是高考中常常会考到的。所以同学们在学习英语的时候一定是要用心的。下面给大家的就是相关的高考英语之情态动词和虚拟语气的资料。

情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别;情态动词否定式的用法辨析："情态动词+have done"的用法区别等。

虚拟语气在高考命题中不是重点，但是难点。考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及主语、宾语从句等特定句型中虚拟语气的使用上，因此考生应熟练掌握含蓄条件句中主从句的时态要求以及一些典型句型中虚 拟语气的具体形式。

1.【2014届江苏省无锡市洛社 高级中学等三校高三12月联考】It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.

A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t

1.【解析】B考查情态动词。句意：因为你已经掌握了很多单词，所以，引起你练习中出现问题的因素不可能是词汇。A也许;B不可能;C应当;D不需要。couldn’t 是 非常肯定的推测。故选B项。

2.【2014届云南省部分名校高三第一次联考】—Would you mind if I set out earlier tomorrow morning?

— Well, I’d rath er you _______.

A. don’t B. didn’t C. won’t D. wouldn’t

2.【解析】B考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：—如果明天早上早点动身你介意吗?—嗯，我宁愿你不。would rather后面的句子用动词的过去式表达虚拟语气。故选B项。

3.【2014届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中】----- How did you do in the test ?

----- Not so well. I ______ much better but I misread the directions for Part D.

A. could have done B. could do C. must have done D. should do

3.【解析】A考查情态动词。句意：——你考试做得怎么样?——不太好。我本能够做得更好的，但我读错了D部分的说明。对过去时态的推 测，用情态动词+ have done，A本能够做;C过去一定做。故选A项。

4.【2014届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中】— Did you hear about Zhang Lili who saved the kids from being run over by a school bus?

— Yes. What do you think most people _____ if they were in a similar situation?

A. will do B. will have done

C. would do D. would have done

4.【解析】C考查虚拟语气。句意：——你听说张丽丽从一辆正在行驶校车下救了孩子。——是的，如果在类似的情况，你认为大多数人都会怎么做?结合句意可知这是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，故主句谓语动词用would+动词原形。故选C项。

5.【2014届辽宁省沈阳二中高三上学期期中考试】—We are worried about Tom. Why hasn’t he come back?

—Don’t worry. He ______ in a traffic jam.

A. might be caught B. may have been caught

C. can have been caught D. should have been caught

5.【解析】B考查情态动词+完成式的用法。句意：--我们很担心汤姆。为什么他还没有来?--别担心，他有可能遇到交通堵塞了。May have done过去可能做了…，因为是be caught in“遇上了”，can 表示对过去的推测，一般用于否定和疑问句中，should have done过去本应该做却没有做，选B项。

6.【2014届黑龙江省双鸭山一中高三上学期期中】—Will you join us in the party this Saturday evening?

—If I _______, I would ;but I will have left for Japan on business by then.

A. am free B. were to be free C. will be free D. would b e free

6.【解析】B考查虚拟语气。句意：--你将要参加周六晚上的派对吗?---如果我有空，我会的。但在那之前我将要前往日本经商了。but I will have left for Japan on business by then.可知有空的虚拟的，和将来相反的虚拟语气条件句用一般过去式或were to do，选B项。

7.【2014届云南省部分名校高三第一次联考】I felt surprised that anyone of his intelligence such an easy test.

A. might have failed B. could have failed

C. should have failed D. must have fail ed

7.【解析】C考查情态动词表推测的用法。句意：我感到惊讶是象他这样智力的人居然连如此简单的测试都没有通过。might have failed可能没通过;could have faile d有可能没通过;must have failed一定没通过;should在这里表示惊讶的态度。故选C项。

8.【2014届浙江省浙北名校联盟高三上学期期中联考】It is recommended that you ________ your accommodation in advance in tourist season, as you may find all the best hotels are not accessible.

A. book B. must book C. will book D. shall book

8.【解析】A考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：推荐您在旅游季节提前预定住宿，因为您可能会发现所有最好的酒店都无法进住的。recommend、suggest等表建议、要求、命令等的词的从句要用s hould加动词原形表虚拟语气，should可省。故选A项。

9.【2014届江苏省苏州六校高三上学期12月联考】—Mother, I climbed up to that tall tree and picked this big apple.

—Jesus! You______ down and hurt yourself.

A. might have fallen B. might fall C. must have fallen D. must fall

9.【解析】A考查情态动词。句意：--妈妈，我爬上那颗高高的树摘了苹果。--Jeuus，你可能会掉下伤了自己。因为是对过去的推测，排除BD，Might have done是对过去的不确定的推测“可能会做”， must have done过去一定做了，不符合句意。选A。

10.【2014届山西省运城市高三上学期质量检测】Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ yesterday.

A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened

【解析】D考查虚拟语气。句意：Eliza确切的记得一切好像是昨天发生的。As if后面的从句用相应的过去时表示虚拟语气，排除BC，A是正在发生，不符合句意，选D项。

11.【2014届北京市第四十四中学高三第一学期期中测试】— I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.

— Oh, it ____ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.

A. must have been B. should have been C. could have been D. may have been

11.【解析】A考查情态动词表推测的用法。句意：—我昨天早上打电话给你。一个女孩接的，但我没听出是谁的声音。—哦，一定是我的小妹妹。她那会正在我的房间。A一定是，肯定推测;B本应该;C可能是;D也许是。结合语境，选A项。

12.【2014届浙江省五校高三第一次联考】— But for your timely warning, we _____ into great trouble.

— Well, you know we’re friends.

A. would get B. must have got C. would have got D. can’t have got

12.【解析】C考查虚拟语气。本题是一个含蓄条件的虚拟语气，它表示的条件不是通过if条件句表示出来，而是通过介词短语but for要不是，如果没有…;句义：要不是你及时提醒，我就会陷入大麻烦了。—嗯!你知道我们是好朋友的。根据句义可知这件事情发生在过去，故主句使用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。ACD三项都不能用于对过去情况的虚拟。故选C项。

13.【2014届辽宁省抚顺二中高三上学期期中考试】— I didn’t care about what other people thought about me.

— Well, you ________.

A. should B. could C. would have D.ought to have

13.【解析】D考查情态动词。句意：我 不在意别人是怎样评价我的。你应该在意呀。根据句意排除B could 能够和C would have本打算，排除A是因为情态动词加do 表现在，D.ought to have 本应该。。。而没有，本句根据上句确定下句是指过去，故选D项。

14.【2014届河南郑州第四中学高三上学期第一次调考】If he _______ to the teacher attentively in the past year, he _______the answer to the question now.

A. had listened; would know B. listened; knew

C. listens; knew D. has listened ;knows

14.【解析】A考查混合型虚拟语气。句意：如果在过去的一年里他认真听老师讲课了，那么他现在就能够知道这个问题的答案了。从in the past year 判断前面条件状语从句是对过去进行假设，应该用过去完成时;而后面主句中的now则提示应该是对现在的虚拟，应该用would +动词原形，所以整个句子是混合型的虚拟语气，故选A项。

15.【2014届重庆市三峡名校联盟高三12月联考】Don’t worry about your future. As long as you try your best, a great future ________ wait for you on your way.

A. would B. can C. must D. should

15.【解析】D考查情态动词。“should”表示“理应如此”。句意：不要为你的未来担忧。只要你尽力了，美好的前途应该就在你的征途中等着你的。would过去常常，过去将来;can能够;must必须，根据题意可知选D项。

16.【2014届北 京市朝阳区高三上学期期中考试】If we ______ day before yesterday, we would have done the job.

A. hadn’ t been interrupted B. weren’t being interrupted

C. wouldn’t be interrupted D. weren’t interrupted

16.【解析】A考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们前天没有被打扰，我们就可能完成工作了。主句用的是we would have done the job.说明是和过去相反的虚拟语气，主句应该是过去完成时，选A项。

17.【2014届山东省德州市重点中学高三上学期期中考试】—Fined ￥100! You know you were driving 100 KM an hour, don’t you?

—No, officer. I _____. This car doesn’t do 80.

A. shouldn’t have been B. mustn’t have been

C. can’t have been D. mightn’t have been

17.【解析】C考查情态动词的用法。句意：——罚款100元!你知道刚才你的车速是100公里每小时吗?——不。警官，我不可能那样的。这辆汽车开不到80码的。shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事，实际上却做了;can’t have done不可能做了某事;mightn’t have done也许没有做某事。不存在mustn’t have done的结构。根据句意可知选C项。

18.【2014届江苏南通中学高三英语开学摸底考试】We were stuck at the airport because of the heavy fog, otherwise we ________ here in time for the conference.

A. arrived B. had arrived C. would arrive D. would have arrived

18 .【解析】D考查虚拟语气。句意：因为大雾我们被滞留在机场了。否则我们就能及时赶上开会了。这里的otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件句，if we hadn’t been stuck at the a irport，是和过去相反的虚拟条件句，主句应该是would have done。选D项。

19.【2014届四川省成都石室中学高三上学期期中考试】— Can I pay the bill by check?

— Sorry, sir. According to the rules of our hotel, the payment ______ be made in cash.

A. shall B. need C. will D. can

19.【解析】A考查情态动词。句意：——我能用支票付款吗?——先生，对不起。我们酒店规定用现金付账。shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、威胁、允许、命令和规定等。Need需要;will愿意;can能够，故选A项。

20.【2014届河南中原名校联盟高三上学期第一次摸底考试】 If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river ________ so seriou sly now.

A. is not polluted B. would not be polluted

C. had not been polluted D. would not have been polluted

20.【解析】B考查时间错综的时间条件句。本句从句与过去的事实相反，而主句与现在的事实相反，这里now是解题关键。句意：如果我们早些采取如此有效的措施，这条河现在就不会被严重地污染了。根据句意可知选B项。

21.【浙江省湖州中学2014届高三上学期期中】I actually believe that you_______ in hospital now if you had worn seat belts at that time.

A. weren’t B. had not been C. wouldn’t have been D. wouldn’t be

21.【解析】D考查虚拟语气。句意：若果当时戴上安全带，现在就不会躺在医院了。对过去(at that time)的虚拟，if从句用had done，主句用would do.故选D项。

22.【2014届江苏省泰州市姜堰区高三上学期期中考试】We _______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?

A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. may have faced

22.【解析】C考查情态动词表推测的用法。从but why didn’t you tell me?可知，说话人不知道对方遇到困难，表示本来可以与对方一道共同面对。could have done表示与过去事实相反，本来能做某事但是没有做。原句可还原为：If you had told me, we could have faced the difficulty together. A，B两项是对现在或将来的推断，而D项表示对过去的推断。故选C项。

23.【2014届甘肃省兰州一中高三上学期期中】--How do you find the health club?

-- I ______. Everyone is saying its management is going from bad to worse.

A. ought to have joined B. should have joined

C. would rather not have joined D. would like to have joined

23.【解析】C考查虚拟语气。句意：——你觉得那家健康俱乐部怎样?——我倒宁愿没有加入过。每个人都在说，它的管理正在越来越恶化。A本应该加入;B本应该加入;C宁愿没有加入;D本想做某事。根据句意可知，这里表示的是 否定的含义，排除A、B、D。故选C项。

24.【2014届浙江绍兴第一中学高三上学期回头考】It has been announced that all the students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.

A. shall B. will C. need D. m ay

24.【解析】A考查情态动词。句意：已经宣布所有的学生在上学前要戴面具以防感染SARS病毒。表示规定或法律条文等用shall 语气强烈;will意愿;need需要;may可以，故选A项。

25.【2014届山东省青岛二中高三12月阶段性检测】She got stuck in a terrible traffic jam on the highway to Shanghai, or she dinner with her family now.

A.will be having B.would be having C.is having D.was having

25.【解析】B考查虚拟语气。句意：她在去上海的高速上遇到了堵车，不然，她现在将会正在和家人一起吃晚 饭。or否则，要不然，指假设的情况，是一种含蓄条件句，根据句意可知，吃晚饭发生在将来，再根据or表虚拟，应该使用过去将来进行时。故选B项。

26.【2014届河北唐山一中高三第一次调研考试】I want to open the door, but it _____ open.

A. couldn’t B. won’t C. wouldn’t D. mustn’t

26.【解析】B考查情态动词的用法。句意：我想把门打开，但它打不开了。will 此处为通常会……，(用于表明某动作通常以特定方式发生)。could/would 常用于虚拟语气;mustn’ t 表禁止，意思不符。故选B项。

27.【2014届湖南省澧县一中益阳市一中桃源县一中高三上学期三校联考】_______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.

A. Were B. Would C. Should D. Will

27.【解析】C考查虚拟语气的省略和倒装。句意：如果明天下雨 ，我们就不得不取消足球比赛。根据主句的would have to…，可知这是和将来相反的虚拟条件句，条件句的谓语可以用should do/did/Were to do，也可以省略if，提前shou ld，were，但是如果是were的话，it后面要有to，故选C项。

28.【2014届江西 红色六校高三上期第一次联考】-- It’s no easy task to catch a ticket on a website that receives l billion clicks daily.

--I can’t agree with you more. There be errors for every single step.

A.should B.must C.can D.will

28.【解析】C考查情态动词。句意：——在每天点击量达到一百亿的网上抢票不是容易的事。——我非常赞同。每一步都有可能出错。should 应该，竟然，万一;must 必须，一定;can 能够，可能;will将。本句表猜测，should按道理应该，must一定，有把握的肯定猜测，will不表猜测，所以排除A、B、D，can表猜测，表客观可能性，故选C项。

29.【2014届天津市六校高三上期第一次联考】Without you, I _______ the first prize in the speech contest. Thank you, John.

A.can’t win B. won’t win C. hadn’t won D. wouldn’t have won

29.【解析】D考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意：要是没有你，我就不可能做演讲比赛中得一等奖。谢谢你，John。根据信息词without可知隐含着虚拟,而且与过去的事实相反，故选D项。

30.【2014届四川省资阳市高三一诊】---Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.

---Well. He ______ have gone far — his coat’s still here.

A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. wouldn’t

30.【解析】B考查表示推测的情态动词用法。句意：——你知道戴维在哪里?我到处都找不到他。——喔，他不可能走远--他大衣还在这儿呢。表示否定推测用ca n’t have done，过去不可能做了…，needn't have done sth. 表示“本不必做某事”(实际上做了)，mustn't 表示“禁止”，不能用于推测句。wouldn't have done sth. 用于虚拟语气，表示“如果……的话，就不会做了某件事情】，选B项。

以上给大家的是高考英语之情态动词和虚拟语气，大家可以认真的看看上面的解析，希望上面的资料对大家有用。